Beyond Assumptions

We focused on a collaborative group task where we explored different ethical theories. Each group was assigned one theory — Moral Reasoning, Moral Relativism, Self-Interest Theory, Deontology, Utilitarianism, or Rule Utilitarianism — and we had to explain its meaning, give examples, and discuss its limitations.As the presentations began, it became clear that morality is not simple. The group discussing Moral Reasoning explained how people think about right and wrong at different levels — sometimes based on punishment, sometimes on rules, and sometimes on principles like justice. It made us reflect on our own decision-making.The Moral Relativism group showed how values differ across cultures, raising the question of whether anything can be universally right or wrong. The Self-Interest Theory group highlighted how people often act for personal benefit, which felt realistic but also raised concerns about fairness.The Deontology group emphasized following moral rules regardless of consequences, while the Utilitarianism group focused on achieving the greatest happiness for the greatest number. Rule Utilitarianism offered a balanced approach by supporting rules that generally create the most good.What stood out was that every theory had strengths and weaknesses. No single approach fully solves moral dilemmas. Today’s group task helped us understand that ethics requires thoughtful analysis, open discussion, and the willingness to see issues from multiple perspectives.